句型1:条件从句与现在事实相反
句型结构:if+主句+动词的过去式(be动词常用were),主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形
例:If I had enough money, I would run a company of my own.
如果我有足够的钱,我会开一家自己的公司。
If I were you, I would work hard.
如果我是你,我会努力工作
句型2:条件从句与过去事实相反
句型结构:If+主句+had+过去分词,主语+should/would/could/might have+动词过去分词
例:If you had come earlier, you could have seen the teacher.
如果你早点来,你就能见到那位老师了。
句型3:条件从句与将来事实相反
句型结构:If+主语+动词过去式/were to+动词原形/should+动词原形,主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形
例:If I should win the lottery, I would buy a house.
如果我中了奖,我会买一套房子。
If she were to come here, how would you tell her about this?
如果她来这里,你会怎么告诉她这件事
(注意:在主句中,should只用于第一人称I和we。)
句型4:在表达建议、命令、要求等含义相关的名词性从句中
从句结构:主语+(should)+动词原形(此处should可以省略)
常见动词有:“一坚持”、“二命令”、“三建议”、“四要求”
一坚持:insist
二命令:order,command
三建议:advise,suggest,propose
四要求:demand,require,request,ask
例:He insisted that the new employees (should) be trained first.
他坚持要求新雇员先接受培训。
【注意:insist表示“坚持认为”时,不用虚拟语气,根据具体情况确认时态。】
例:The girl insisted that she hadn't stolen the electric bike.
那个女孩坚持说她没有偷电动车。
(如何判断是否使用虚拟语气,看从句中的动作是否真实发生,如果已发生了,用陈述语气,如果尚未发生,用虚拟语气。)
句型5:表示“惊讶、吃惊、必要性、重要性、自然等”的形容词
句型结构:It is+形容词或过去分词或特定的名词+that...的主语从句中
接这种结构的形容词有:astonishing, amazing, important, strange, necessary, natural, shocked, unusual, surprising, essential等
It is strange that he should not come here. 很奇怪,他竟然没有来。
虚拟语气10大必背句型if
句型1:If +主语+过去时,主语+ should (could, would, 或might) +动词原形
句型2 : If +主语+had+过去分词,主语+ should(could, would, 或might)+ have +过去分词
句型3:If +主语+过去时/ should +动词原形/ were to+动词原形,主语+ should (could, would, 或might) +动词原形
句型4:主语+(should)+动词原形
句型5:wish后的宾语从句
与现在愿望不一致:主语+过去时
与过去愿望不一致:主语+ had +过去分词/ could + have+过去分词
与未来愿望不一致:主语+ would / could +动词原形。如:
句型6: It’s time句型(当It’s time后用that从句时应该为“主语+ should +动词原形”或“主语+过去时”)
It’s time that you went / should go to school.
句型7:If only引起的感叹句相当于“How I wish +宾语从句”
句型8:would rather, as if(though)引导的句子也需使用虚拟,表示过去的情况用过去完成时,表示现在与将来的情况用过去时。
句型9:without, but, but for, but that, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着虚拟条件。
句型10:If it were not for ... / If it hadn’t been for ... (要不是因为……),其后面的主句也需使用虚拟。
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